Canadian Guide to Month-End Close: Process, Steps and Best Practices
The end of the month is drawing near. For small and medium-sized business owners handling month-end close of their books, that means one thing: crunch time. Lots of strong coffee and too many extra work hours.
Canadian business owners allocate 20% of their time to financial management, down from 30% in the past. Our own State of SMB report found that half of businesses are spending 10 to 40 hours a month on payments and reconciliation. These are hours that owners could be devoting to growing their businesses and staying ahead of competitors.
Closing the books accurately and efficiently is the key to maintaining accurate financial records, avoiding costly mistakes and giving owners the insights they need to make smart decisions.
These decisions matter to small business owners, who are still working to find solid ground after a challenging few years that left nearly a third of them struggling with managing cash flow and overall business spending.
But let’s be honest: month-end closures in most businesses can feel like a full-out scramble. Whether dealing with manual reconciliations, tight deadlines or data inconsistencies, this guide will walk you through the most significant challenges and the best strategies to overcome them.
What is month-end close?
Month-end close is the process businesses use to wrap up their financials from the previous month. It’s all about ensuring you account for every transaction, correctly categorize every expense, and prepare accurate financial reports. Yep, you’re chasing receipts, random charges on cards and whatever that scrap of paper from your sales lead was supposed to mean.
For many businesses, this means reconciling accounts, reviewing bank statements and adjusting journal entries. You’ll be managing mileage reimbursements, expense reimbursements and per diem calculations when needed. It can be a tedious process, especially when done manually. You may need to coordinate with other people in the company or other teams to gather the necessary information.
However, managing month-end close efficiently gives business owners the financial clarity they need to make informed decisions and comply with regulations.
Understanding the accounting month-end close process
Month-end close is an opportunity to wrap up numbers regularly throughout the year, but its impact goes beyond simple calculations. A structured process means fewer errors, smoother reporting and a clearer picture of your company’s financial health.
The clarity gained from your month-end close ensures financial stability and clarity for your business. When done efficiently, it can save valuable time and allow you to make faster, more informed decisions.
Without a solid month-end process, businesses risk inaccuracies, delays and missed opportunities to optimize their finances.
What are the steps for month-end close?
A smooth month-end closing process doesn’t happen by accident. Instead, it requires a clear, repeatable set of steps that keeps everything on track. Without structure, it’s easy to overlook key details, leading to delays, errors, and frustration for everyone involved.
Understanding the steps in your month-end close procedures and why they matter can help you ensure accuracy.
Here are the essential elements of a month-end close and what they entail:
1. Organize and prepare for the process
Set deadlines, assign responsibilities and gather all necessary financial data upfront.
2. Consolidate your financial data
Ensure you have complete revenue, expenses, payroll and accounts payable/receivable records.
3. Reconcile your accounts
Match transactions to statements to catch any discrepancies before they become more significant problems.
4. Adjust entries as needed
Account for items like accrued expenses, depreciation and prepaid costs to keep everything accurate.
5. Create and review financial statements
Generate your balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement to finalize the process.
6. Review for accuracy
Ensure you’ve captured all relevant information, double-check that your month-end close is clean and review statements before distributing them.
How long does month-end close typically take?
A few factors will impact how long it takes you to work through each month-end close: company size, complexity and whether you’re using manual or automated processes. Some businesses can wrap up in a few days, while others might take up to two weeks.
💡Pro tip: Businesses using automation tools have reduced close time from days to a few hours. Sounds like magic, we know, but nope, it’s doable.
Speeding up the month-end close isn’t just about saving time. It directly impacts a business’s ability to make timely and informed decisions. A faster close means businesses can review performance sooner, identify trends earlier and make smarter choices before the next month is already halfway over.
Challenges faced during month-end close
Do your stress levels spike every time the end of the month approaches? If month-end close feels like a constant battle, you’re not alone. Many business owners struggle with data inconsistencies, tight deadlines and inefficient manual processes that make closing the books stressful and time-consuming.
Inaccurate financial data or rushed reconciliations can lead to reporting errors that impact decision-making. Understanding these challenges is the first step in overcoming them and making month-end close smoother and more predictable—and getting a solid night’s sleep.
Let’s look at some common challenges and barriers to a streamlined month-end close:
Data accuracy and consistency
Nobody wants to scramble at the last minute to fix errors. But without a solid process, inaccuracies creep in. Manual data entry, missing transaction details and last-minute adjustments can throw everything off, leading to delays and frustration.
Time constraints
Anyone handling month end books operates under tight deadlines. Company owners need accurate financials promptly to make business decisions. Without automation, it’s easy to get stuck in a cycle of reviewing, adjusting and chasing down missing information, making it hard to close the books on time.
Manual entry and reconciliation
Are you still relying on spreadsheets? That’s a recipe for long hours and potential mistakes. Manual reconciliations take up valuable time, and when details are missing, you or your bookkeeper have to track down employees for clarification. It’s inefficient and stressful.
Disconnects or lack of context
An external bookkeeper may not have the context needed to reconcile every transaction. Guessing risks accuracy, but asking for details causes delays. Recurring expenses may take too much time, leaving fewer opportunities to find and examine more serious inconsistencies.
Effective strategies to improve your processes
A chaotic month-end close can be frustrating and have real consequences for business operations. The good news is that you can streamline your workflows, reduce stress and improve accuracy with the right strategies.
Let’s dial down the adrenaline a few levels. Leveraging automation and standardizing procedures allows you to spend less time on tedious tasks and more time driving financial insights that add real value to the business.
Automation
It could be time for an upgrade if you’re still doing most of your month-end close manually. Tools like Float bring corporate cards, expense management and bill payments into one system, making reconciliations automatic. With pre-set rules for transaction coding, businesses can drastically cut down on manual work, speeding up the close process.
Standardize financial procedures
A set process for tracking expenses, coding transactions and handling reconciliations makes a huge difference. A comprehensive expense policy that covers the most likely situations can also help reduce errors and murk. The more standardized your financial workflows are, the fewer surprises you’ll run into at month-end.
Schedule regular financial reviews
Catching errors early saves headaches later. Monthly reconciliations help prevent financial inconsistencies from snowballing, making your books cleaner and more accurate over time.
Close sub-ledgers periodically
Waiting until the last minute to reconcile everything? That’s a surefire way to make month-end more stressful. Instead, closing sub-ledgers throughout the month keeps everything in check and prevents a backlog of work at the end.
Collaborate and communicate
Finance isn’t an island. Expense reports, approvals and coding all depend on other teams. The better your communication with employees, the easier it is to keep things running smoothly.
Set realistic deadlines
Reverse-engineering your timeline can help you close on time. Start with your final reporting date and work backward, setting clear deadlines for each step of the process. This keeps everything on track and prevents last-minute chaos.
Month-end checklists
A well-organized checklist can shift your month-end closing process from a stressful scramble into a smooth, predictable process. A structured approach helps businesses reduce errors, maintain compliance and ensure financial clarity.
Having a clear list of financial records to gather and key tasks to complete makes it easier to stay on track and avoid last-minute surprises.
Here’s what you’ll need in two handy month-end checklists.
Key financial records:
✅ Revenue and sales data
✅ Accounts receivable and payable reports
✅ Expense receipts and supplier invoices
✅ Bank statements and reconciliations
✅ Payroll data
✅ Inventory totals (if applicable)
✅ Balance sheets
✅ Income and expense accounts
✅ General ledger and sub-ledger reports
Key tasks to complete:
✅ Enter all invoices and transactions into the accounting system
✅ Reconcile all bank accounts and financial records
✅ Review and adjust journal entries as needed
✅ Generate and review financial statements
✅ Close the period in the financial system
✅ Distribute reports to key stakeholders
How Float can help simplify your month-end process
The end of the month doesn’t have to be a headache. You can eliminate the complexity of closing your books by automating transaction categorization, reconciliation, and reporting.
By integrating corporate cards, expense management, and bill payments, Float helps businesses eliminate manual tasks and speed up financial workflows.
With Float, you can:
- Automate transaction coding, which means no more manual expense categorization
- Gain real-time visibility to track spending and reconcile transactions instantly
- Save time on reconciliation and reduce close times from days to hours
- Lower bookkeeping costs by automating processes and reducing reliance on external accountants
If you want to reclaim valuable time and improve accuracy, Float is the smart choice for making month-end close easier and more efficient.